21 matplotlib绘制动画

matplotlib是python中最经典的绘图包，里面animation模块能绘制动画。

首先导入小例子使用的模块：

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import animation
from random import randint, random

生成数据，frames_count是帧的个数，data_count每个帧的柱子个数

class Data:
    data_count = 32
    frames_count = 2

    def __init__(self, value):
        self.value = value
        self.color = (0.5, random(), random()) #rgb

    # 造数据
    @classmethod
    def create(cls):
        return [[Data(randint(1, cls.data_count)) for _ in range(cls.data_count)]
                for frame_i in range(cls.frames_count)]

绘制动画：animation.FuncAnimation函数的回调函数的参数fi表示第几帧，注意要调用axs.cla()清除上一帧。

def draw_chart():
    fig = plt.figure(1, figsize=(16, 9))
    axs = fig.add_subplot(111)
    axs.set_xticks([])
    axs.set_yticks([])

    # 生成数据
    frames = Data.create()

    def animate(fi):
        axs.cla()  # clear last frame
        axs.set_xticks([])
        axs.set_yticks([])
        return axs.bar(list(range(Data.data_count)),        # X
                       [d.value for d in frames[fi]],       # Y
                       1,                                   # width
                       color=[d.color for d in frames[fi]]  # color
                       )
    # 动画展示
    anim = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, frames=len(frames))
    plt.show()


draw_chart()